Spain

Motherhood prevalence (TMR)

In 2024, motherhood prevalence in Spain stands at 57.0%, showing minimal change from the 57.2% recorded in 2023. The trend over the last five years points downward, with the average between 2020 and 2024 at 59.1%. This is a significant drop compared to the 1970s average, which was 96.6%, marking a decrease of nearly 39.6 percentage points. On the global stage, Spain is positioned 28th among 38 countries in terms of total maternal rate.

Within Europe, Spain's TMR is among the lowest, ranked 25th out of 31 countries.

Average maternal age (AMA)

In 2024, the average maternal age in Spain reached 32.0 years, marking an increase of 0.5 years from 2023. Throughout the last five years, the average maternal age has steadily climbed, maintaining an average of 31.6 years. This figure stands 7.1 years above the average recorded in the 1970s. Spain consistently shows one of the highest average maternal ages worldwide, ranking third out of 38 countries, and within Europe, it holds the second highest position among 31 nations.

Birthgap Generational Indicator (TFG)

By 2024, the Birthgap Generational Indicator (TFG) stands at 46.6%, which corresponds to a total fertility rate of 1.11. This marks a slight increase of 0.6 percentage points compared to the previous year, 2023. Over the past five years from 2020 to 2024, the TFG has been on an upward trend, averaging 44.5%. When compared to the 1970s baseline of 0.0%, the current level is roughly 46.6 percentage points higher. A continuous generational birthgap has been recorded since 1981. The lowest TFG values occurred in the mid-1970s, specifically from 1975 to 1979, where the average was 0.0%. On a global scale, Spain ranks 6th out of 38 in TFG levels, and within Europe, it holds the 4th highest position among 31 countries.

Birth trajectory

If the 2024 birth pattern continues, total births are expected to drop significantly over the coming decades. By 2062, the number of births would decline from 318,005 in 2024 to approximately 159,002, representing a 50% decrease. This downward trend continues sharply, with births projected to fall by 75% by 2099. By 2149, the total births could plummet to around 31,800, which is a 90% reduction compared to 2024 figures, assuming no migration influences these numbers.

Childlessness rate (TCR)

In 2024, Spain's childlessness rate (TCR) stands at 43.0%, showing a slight increase from 42.8% in 2023. The rate has been on an upward trend over the last five years, with the average from 2020 to 2024 reaching 40.9%. Compared to the 1970s, when the rate was just 3.4%, the current level marks a rise of approximately 39.6 percentage points. The lowest levels were recorded in the early 1990s (1990–1992), averaging 32.9%. Among 38 countries worldwide, Spain holds the 11th highest childlessness rate and ranks 7th out of 31 European nations, placing it among the highest in the region.

Total births

In 2024, Spain recorded 318,005 total births, a slight decline of 1,518 from the previous year. The number of births has been gradually decreasing over the last five years, with an average of 328,567 births annually during this time. When compared to the 1970s average of 647,236, the current total births reflect a significant drop of 329,231, marking a 50.9% decrease.

Birthgap Retirement Indicator (BRI)

In 2024, the Birthgap Retirement Indicator (BRI) for Spain stands at 59.9%, showing a slight increase of 0.7 percentage points from 2023. The indicator has been on an upward trend over the last five years, with an average of 57.2% between 2020 and 2024. When compared to the 1970s average of -45.1%, the current BRI is approximately 105.0 percentage points higher. On the global stage, Spain ranks fifth out of 35 countries for BRI, and within Europe, it holds the second-highest position among 30 countries.